Item number: A1336

Year: AD 1193-1194 (AH 589)

Material: Gold

Size: 18.3 x 18.1 mm

Weight: 4.37 g

Manufactured by: Cairo, Egypt

Provenance:

1. Heritage Auctions 2024

2. Joel L. Malter & Co., Inc. 1989

This is a gold dinar minted in the Islamic year AH 589 (AD 1193–1194) during the reign of Al-Aziz Uthman, the second sultan of the Ayyubid dynasty in Egypt. Al-Aziz Uthman was the second son of the renowned historical figure Salah ad-Din (Saladin), the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty, who is famously associated with the Crusades.

This coin features a design with three solid circular bands and an inscription in a circular arrangement. At the centre of the obverse, the name of the sultan, “عثمان يوسف” (Uthman Yusuf), is inscribed. The second circular band contains the sultan’s title, while the outermost band displays the Islamic declaration of faith, the Shahada—”لا اله الا الله محمد رسول الله” (There is no god but Allah, and Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah)—along with verses excerpted from the Quran.

The reverse side of the coin features the inscription “الإمام” (Al-Imam, meaning “The Leader”) and “احمد” (Ahmad, meaning “The Most Praised”) at its centre, underscoring the ruler’s esteemed status. The second circular band contains the title and honorifics of the religious leader of the Islamic world at the time, the 34th Abbasid Caliph, Al-Nasir. The outermost band states: “In the name of Allah, this coin was minted in Cairo in the year AH 589.”

During his reign, Saladin divided his territories among his sons, granting Egypt to his second son, Al-Aziz Uthman. After Saladin’s death, Al-Aziz Uthman used Egypt as a base to launch campaigns against his brothers’ territories. One of Al-Aziz Uthman’s most notable, albeit controversial, endeavours were his attempt to dismantle the pyramids near Cairo. However, the immense cost of the project forced him to abandon the effort. In AD 1198, Al-Aziz Uthman died in a hunting accident and was ultimately buried in the tomb of his elder brother, Al-Mu’azzam.

物件編號: A1336

年代: 公元 1193-1194 年 (回曆 589 年)

材質: 黃金

尺寸: 18.3 x 18.1 mm

重量: 4.37 g

製造地: 開羅，埃及

來源:

1. 海瑞德拍賣行 2024

2. 喬爾·L·馬爾特公司 1989

這是一枚回曆589年 (公元 1193至1194年)，埃及的阿尤布王朝第二任蘇丹阿齊茲·奧斯曼鑄造的金第納爾。阿齊茲·奧斯曼是十字軍東征歷史上赫赫有名的歷史人物，即阿尤布王朝奠基者薩拉丁的次子。

這枚錢幣的造型有三道實心圓以及環形銘文。正面的中央打印「عثمان يوسف」(奧斯曼·優素福) 即蘇丹的名諱，第二道圓環則是蘇丹的頭銜，最外圍則是穆斯林熟悉的清真言「لا اله الا الله محمد رسول الله」(萬物非主，唯有真主，穆罕默德是真主的使者) 以及摘錄自《古蘭經》的章節。

背面的中央則是打印「الإمام」(領袖) 和「احمد」(高度讚揚) ，即強調統治者的尊崇地位。第二道圓環則是伊斯蘭世界的宗教領袖，即時任阿拔斯帝國第三十四任哈里發的納賽爾頭銜和尊稱。最外圍的圓環則是標示「奉真主之名，這枚錢幣於回曆589年鑄造於開羅」。

薩拉丁在位之際將其領土分封給諸子，身為次子的阿齊茲·奧斯曼獲得埃及的封地。薩拉丁駕崩之後，阿齊茲·奧斯曼以埃及為基地征討兄弟的領地。阿齊茲·奧斯曼最為知名的事蹟是嘗試破壞開羅近郊的金字塔群，然而破壞的開銷太過巨大迫使阿齊茲·奧斯曼放棄。公元1198年，阿齊茲·奧斯曼在一場打獵意外中喪命，最終被安葬在他兄長穆阿扎姆的墳墓裡。