Item number: M379

Year: AD 1700-1975

Material: Silver-Gilt

Size: 18.0 x 12.0 mm

Weight: 1.3 g

Provenance: La Galerie Numismatique 2024

This is a silver-gilt miniature badge awarded by the Spanish government during the reign of Bourbon-Anjou, which may date to one of three periods: AD 1700–1868, AD 1874–1930, or AD 1975 to the present. It was conferred upon individuals associated with the Spanish Ministry of Justice or the Royal Academy of Jurisprudence and Legislation of Spain.

The badge features a double-layered heraldic shield. The inner shield is divided into quadrants: the first and third quarters display a field with a triple-towered castle, masoned and ajoure, symbolising Castile; the second and fourth quarters show a field with a lion rampant, crowned, with tongue and claws emphasized, representing León. At the base, there is a field with a naturalistic pomegranate, supported and sculpted, with leaves, symbolising Granada. Over all, an escutcheon is placed featuring a field bordered with an additional layer, bearing three fleurs-de-lis, representing the reigning House of Bourbon-Anjou.

Surrounding the central shield is the chain of the Order of the Golden Fleece, with a golden fleece pendant suspended at the bottom. This element symbolises the Spanish monarchy’s inheritance of the sovereign of the Order following the extinction of the Duchy of Burgundy. The shield and chain are supported by a larger blue shield, which bears the inscription “JUSTICIA” at its base, representing justice. At the top of the badge is a three-dimensional royal crown, a symbol of Spanish sovereignty, surmounted by a perforated orb and cross that connects to a circular loop. A red ribbon passes through this loop for wearing.

The reverse side of the badge is plain and unadorned.

This badge could possibly be a component of the Collar of Justice, a significant symbol of the Spanish judicial system. Crafted from precious metals, the Collar of Justice was first established by royal decree in AD 1844. Its design incorporates elements such as scales, a sword, a book, and the royal coat of arms, symbolising the principles of justice, authority, and national sovereignty. Exclusively worn by the President of the Supreme Court, it is typically displayed during major judicial ceremonies, representing the continuity of judicial culture and the enduring value of fairness.

The badge is rooted in the historical context of the Bourbon dynasty’s rise to power in Spain. Following the death of Carlos II, the last Habsburg monarch of Spain, the throne was not passed to the Austrian Habsburgs but to Philippe, Duke of Anjou, of the Bourbon dynasty, who became Philip V. This succession sparked the War of the Spanish Succession. Although the Bourbons successfully ascended to the Spanish throne, they relinquished all European territories outside Spain. The Bourbon-Anjou dynasty has intermittently ruled Spain since, encompassing ten monarchs. The dynasty faced multiple abdications and restorations due to the challenges posed by Enlightenment thought and liberalism.

物件編號: M379

年代: 公元 1700-1975 年

材質: 銀鍍銀

尺寸: 18.0 x 12.0 mm

重量: 1.3 g

來源: 貨幣藝廊 2024

這是一枚西班牙政府於波旁王室統治期間(可能為公元 1700-1868 / 1874-1930 / 1975-至今)，授予西班牙司法部或西班牙皇家法學院相關人士之迷你版銀鍍銀徽章。

徽章形制為雙層嵌套的盾徽，中央盾徽的第二與第四象限為代表卡斯提爾的高塔，第一與第四象限為代表里昂的站立雄獅，底部中央的尖角則為代表格拉納達的石榴葉與果實。中央的橢圓小盾上的三朵百合則代表了現任的王室：波旁-安茹王朝。懸吊並環繞於中央盾徽的是金羊毛騎士團的鏈章，最底部為金綿羊垂飾，代表西班牙王室承繼勃艮第公國絕嗣以來對於金羊毛騎士團的領主權。盾徽與鏈章被一個較大的藍色盾徽承托，底部書有「JUSTICIA」的字樣，即「正義」。盾徽的上端則為代表西班牙王權的立體王冠，王冠頂端的十字聖球則穿孔以銜接圓環，佩戴時則以紅色飾帶穿過圓環佩戴於身上。徽章的背面則並未刻有任何圖案。

本徽章也有可能是正義之環（Collar of Justice）的一部分，正義之環是西班牙司法系統的重要象徵，由貴金屬製成，首次於公元1844年由皇家命令設立。其設計融合天平、劍、書籍及皇家紋章，代表司法的公正、權威與國家主權。正義之環專屬於最高法院院長，通常在重大司法典禮中佩戴，象徵司法文化的傳承與公平的價值。

公元18世紀前統治西班牙的哈布斯堡王室於卡洛斯二世崩後絕嗣，其並未傳位予奧地利的哈布斯堡王室，而是傳予波旁王室之安茹公爵腓力，是為費利佩五世，因而引發西班牙王位繼承戰爭。戰後波旁王室成功入主西班牙，但失去所有歐洲飛地。波旁-安茹王室斷續執政至今，歷經十位君主，由於啟蒙思潮與自由主義的挑戰而多次遜位及復辟。