Swiss Confederation

Republic and Canton of Geneva

1 Sol

瑞士聯邦

日內瓦共和國與州

1 索爾

Item number: A1497

Year: AD 1819

Material: Billon

Size: 16.9 x 16.7 x 0.3 mm

Weight: 0.8 g

Manufactured by: Geneva

Provenance: Fuchin Coin 2024

This is a billon coin with a denomination of one sol, minted in 1819 by a mint of Geneva.

The obverse of the coin features a centrally positioned shield that is vertically divided into two parts. On the left side, the imperial eagle signifies Geneva’s historical status as a member of the Holy Roman Empire and its former standing as a Free Imperial City. On the right side, the key of Saint Peter symbolises Geneva’s long history as the seat of the bishopric of the Diocese of Geneva. The shield is encircled by a ring, outside of which appears the French abbreviation “REP: ET CANTON DE GENEVE,” standing for République et canton de Genève (the Republic and Canton of Geneva). At the top of the design is a sun, an official element of Geneva’s coat of arms, representing Jesus the Saviour.

On the reverse, the coin bears the denomination “UN SOL” at its centre, surrounded by a ring. Outside this ring, the Latin motto of Geneva, “POST TENEBRAS LUX,” meaning “After darkness, light,” encircles the design. The year of issue, AD 1819, is inscribed at the bottom.

In AD 1813, after Napoleon retreated to France, Geneva re-established its Republic in AD 1814, following the pre-Napoleonic structure of the Holy Roman Empire. The coinage reverted to its earlier standards, abandoning the franc introduced during French rule. To avoid the isolation it experienced previously, Geneva joined the Swiss Confederation in AD 1815. However, at the time this coin was minted in AD 1819, the Swiss Confederation remained a loose federation. Member states, cities, abbeys, and lords retained the right to mint and issue their own currency. Foreign coins also circulated freely, contributing to significant monetary confusion, which persisted until AD 1850, when the Federal Assembly introduced the Swiss franc to standardise the currency system.

物件編號: A1497

年代: 公元 1819 年

材質: 賤金屬

尺寸: 16.9 x 16.7 x 0.3 mm

重量: 0.8 g

製造地: 日內瓦

來源: 福君錢幣 2024

這是一枚公元1819年,由日內瓦發行的1索爾合金幣,可能含有少量的銀。

銀幣正面中央的盾徽垂直分割為兩個部分,左側為帝國鷹,表示其為神聖羅馬帝國的成員,亦表示其以往作為自由帝國城市的地位。右側為聖彼得鑰匙,表示其長期作為日內瓦教區主教駐地的歷史。以圓環相隔,外圈環繞著法文簡寫「REP:ET CANTON DE GENEVE」,即「République et canton de Genève」,意為「日內瓦共和國與州」。最上方的太陽是屬於日內瓦官方紋章的元素,代表的是救世主耶穌。

銀幣背面中央「UN SOL」代表幣值為1索爾,以圓環相隔,外圈環繞著日內瓦官方的拉丁格言「POST TENEBRAS LUX」,意為「渡過黑暗,便是光明」。下方則是發行年「1819」。

在公元1813年,拿破崙退守法國本土後,於公元1814年,沿襲神聖羅馬帝國時期舊制的日內瓦共和國重建,貨幣的形制也放棄法郎,回歸舊制。其後為了避免重蹈孤立無援的覆轍,日內瓦於公元1815年加入瑞士聯邦。但於此枚硬幣發行的當下,公元1819年,瑞士聯邦仍是一個鬆散的邦聯。各邦國、城市、修道院、領主皆有權鑄造並發行自己的貨幣,外國的貨幣也通行無礙,混亂的情況直至公元1850年,聯邦議會推出瑞士法郎才有所好轉。

類似/相同物件 請看:

瑞士 瑞士國家博物館 The Swiss National Museum

https://sammlung.nationalmuseum.ch/de/list/collection?searchText=EA-3048&detailID=100251879

瑞士 瑞士國家博物館 The Swiss National Museum

https://sammlung.nationalmuseum.ch/de/list/collection?searchText=%2520LM.AB-2131&detailID=100296986

更多相關訊息請參考:

Eugène Demole, Histoire monétaire de Genève 1535-1848. Genève, 1887.

Ernst Baltensperger, Peter Kugler. Swiss Monetary History since the Early 19th Century. Cambridge University Press. 2017.

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