Russian Empire

Alexander II

5 Kopeks

俄羅斯帝國

亞歷山大二世

5戈比

Item number: A1675

Year: AD 1874

Material: Copper

Size: 32.6 x 32.6 x 2.2 mm

Weight: 16.95 g

Manufactured by: Ekaterinburg Mint

Provenance: Da Chen Stamps and Coins Collection 2016

This is a 5-kopek copper coin issued in AD 1874 during the reign of Tsar Alexander II of Russia.

The obverse of the coin features the emblem of the Russian Empire, a double-headed eagle. Due to its age, the details of the emblem are heavily worn, and the image of St. George slaying the dragon on the shield has faded entirely. However, it is still possible to discern the crown atop the eagle’s heads and that its claws hold a sceptre on one side and an orb with a cross on the other.

Surrounding the eagle emblem is a decorative ribbon. The upper part of the ribbon is inscribed in Russian with “МѢДНАЯ РОССІЙСКАЯ МОНЕТА,” meaning “Copper Russian Coin,” while the lower part displays the denomination “ПЯТЬ КОПѢЙКИ” (5 kopeks).

The reverse side of the coin features a wreath and a beaded circle. Inside the wreath, the denomination “5 КОПѢЕКЪ” (5 kopecks) is inscribed, with the abbreviation “Е.М.” for the Ekaterinburg Mint below a horizontal line. At the top edge of the wreath, the minting year “1874 ГОДА” (Year AD 1874) is prominently displayed.

After Russia’s defeat in the Crimean War, Alexander II ascended the throne and initiated a series of reforms, the most significant being the abolition of serfdom, aiming to set Russia on the path to industrial modernisation. However, these reforms also gave rise to more radical reformist groups dissatisfied with the pace and scope of change. On March 13, AD 1881, Alexander II was assassinated in Saint Petersburg by a People’s Will assassin using a bomb. Later, Alexander Ulyanov, the older brother of Lenin—who would go on to found the Soviet Union—was executed for his involvement in a plot to assassinate the Tsar.

In AD 1883, Alexander III, Alexander II’s successor, began constructing the Church of the Saviour on Spilt Blood on the site of his father’s assassination. The church was completed in AD 1907 during the reign of Nicholas II.

物件編號: A1675

年代: 公元 1874 年

材質: 紅銅

尺寸: 32.6 x 32.6 x 2.2 mm

重量: 16.95 g

製造地: 葉卡捷琳堡造幣廠

來源: 大城郵幣社 2016

這是一枚公元1874年,俄羅斯沙皇亞歷山大二世在位期間發行的面額5戈比銅幣。

錢幣正面有一個象徵俄羅斯帝國的雙頭鷹國徽,由於年代久遠,國徽的細節已經嚴重磨損,例如盾牌內的聖喬治屠惡龍的圖像已經消失,但仍能大致認出鷹徽的頭上有一頂王冠,鷹爪的兩側各抓著一根權杖和一顆帶球十字架。

鷹徽外圍有環繞的彩帶裝飾,彩帶上半部以俄文鐫刻「МѢДНАЯ РОССІЙСКАЯ МОНЕТА」意思是「紅銅俄羅斯硬幣」,下半部則是面額「ПЯТЬ КОПѢЙКИ」(5戈比)。

錢幣背面有一道花環和珠圈,花環內部標示硬幣的面額「5 КОПѢЕКЪ」(5戈比)和橫線下方是葉卡捷琳堡造幣廠的簡寫「Е.М.」。花環的上緣則是打印鑄造年份「1874 ГОДА」(公元1874年)。

亞歷山大二世在克里米亞戰爭戰敗後登基為沙皇,一上任之後便著手推動多項改革,其中影響最為深刻的是推動廢除農奴制度,意圖使俄羅斯走上工業化的現代之路。然而改革的同時,俄羅斯國內也出現更為激進的改革組織,對於亞歷山大二世推動改革的速度和程度不滿。公元1881年3月13日,亞歷山大二世在首都聖彼得堡遭到民意黨的刺客以炸彈殺害,日後創立蘇聯的列寧其兄長亞歷山大·烏里揚諾夫也因涉及刺殺遭到處刑。

公元1883年,繼任的亞歷山大三世在父親遇刺的現址建造滴血救世主教堂,直到公元1907年,尼古拉二世在位期間才建造完成。

類似/相同物件 請看:

英國 坎特伯里博物館 The Canterbury Museum

https://collection.canterburymuseum.com/objects/1085861/coin-5-kopeks

美國 國立美國歷史博物館 The National Museum of American History

https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object/nmah_1966113

更多相關訊息請參考:

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Alexander-II-emperor-of-Russia

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