Russian Empire

Nicholas I

2 Kopeks

俄羅斯帝國

尼古拉一世

2戈比

Item number: A1672

Year: AD 1843

Material: Copper

Size: 32.6 x 32.6 x 2.2 mm

Weight: 17.95 g

Manufactured by: Ekaterinburg Mint

Provenance: Da Chen Stamps and Coins Collection 2016

This is a 2-kopek copper coin issued in AD 1843 during the reign of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia.

The obverse of the coin shows significant wear, yet the appearance and details are still recognisable. The coin is surrounded by a beaded circle, with the central motif featuring a monogram exclusive to Tsar Nicholas I. The monogram consists of a stylised Russian letter “Н” (the first letter of Nicholas), topped with a crown symbolising royal authority, and beneath it, the letter “I,” representing the first.

The reverse side of the coin also features a beaded circle, with the denomination “2 КОПѢЙКИ СЕРЕБРОМЪ” (2 kopecks in silver) listed from top to bottom. Below the denomination are the year of issuance, “1843,” and the abbreviation “Е.М.” for the Ekaterinburg Mint.

The reason this copper coin is marked as a silver coin is related to the financial reforms promoted by E. F. Kankrin, the Minister of Finance appointed by Tsar Nicholas I from AD 1830 to AD 1840. After Russia introduced paper currency in AD 1769, copper coins and paper notes were the main forms of circulation. However, following the Napoleonic Wars, the paper currency issued by Russia faced inflationary pressures. In response, Kankrin pushed for the use of silver coins, and as a result, subsequent copper coins were also marked with the term “silver coin.”

In AD 1825, Nicholas I ascended to the throne as Tsar following the death of his elder brother, Alexander I. During his reign, Nicholas I vigorously suppressed liberalism and nationalist movements, particularly those represented by Poland. In AD 1853, he sought to expand Russia’s influence over the Balkans, which led to a military conflict known as the Crimean War, involving the Ottoman Empire, Britain, and France. The war ended with Russia’s defeat, and Nicholas I himself passed away before the armistice was signed.

物件編號: A1672

年代: 公元 1843 年

材質: 紅銅

尺寸: 32.6 x 32.6 x 2.2 mm

重量: 17.95 g

製造地: 葉卡捷琳堡造幣廠

來源: 大城郵幣社 2016

這是一枚公元1843年,俄羅斯沙皇尼古拉一世在位期間發行的面額2戈比銅幣。

錢幣正面的磨損有點嚴重,但尚能辨識出外觀和細節。錢幣周圍有一道珠圈環繞,正中央的圖騰是專屬於尼古拉一世的花押簽名,一個花體字形的俄文單字「Н」(尼古拉的開頭),上頭有一頂象徵王權的王冠,下方則有一個代表一世的「I」。

錢幣背面也有一道珠圈,從上而下列出面額「2 КОПѢЙКИ СЕРЕБРОМЪ」(2戈比銀幣)。而在面額的下方是發行年份「1843」和鑄造單位葉卡捷琳堡造幣廠的簡寫「Е.М.」。

這一枚材質為紅銅的硬幣之所以標示為銀幣,跟尼古拉二世在公元1830至1840年間任命的財政部長E·F·坎克林推動的財政改革有關。俄羅斯於公元1769年引入紙幣後,國內以銅幣和紙幣為流通。然而在拿破崙戰爭後,俄羅斯發行的紙幣面臨通貨膨脹的問題,因此E·F·坎克林推動銀幣的使用,故後續發行的銅幣也印有「銀幣」字樣。

公元1825年,尼古拉一世繼承兄長亞歷山大一世的王位成為沙皇。尼古拉一世在位期間,大力打壓自由主義和波蘭為代表的民族主義運動。公元1853年,更因為意圖擴張俄羅斯對於巴爾幹半島的影響力,和鄂圖曼土耳其、英國和法國爆發克里米亞戰爭的軍事衝突。戰爭以俄羅斯的戰敗畫下終止,尼古拉一世本人則在停戰之前病逝。

類似/相同物件 請看:

俄羅斯 韃靼斯坦國立博物館 National Museum of the Republic Tatarstan

https://collections.museum.tatar.ru/entity/OBJECT/474372

美國 國立美國歷史博物館 The National Museum of American History

https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object/nmah_1965316

更多相關訊息請參考:

https://museum.goznak.ru/content/news/681/

https://www.britannica.com/biography/Nicholas-I-tsar-of-Russia

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