Russian SFSR

50 Kopeks

俄羅斯蘇維埃聯邦社會主義共和國

50戈比

Item number: A1570

Year: AD 1922

Material: Silver

Size: 26.6 x 26.6 x 2.0 mm

Weight: 9.95 g

Manufactured by: Petrograd Mint

Provenance: Fuchin Coin 2015

This is a 50-kopek silver coin that was minted in AD 1922 but was not officially issued for circulation until AD 1924 by the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR).

The obverse of the coin is encircled by a beaded border and features the emblem commonly used by all Soviet republics. The design includes a rising sun in the background, flanked by a wreath of wheat stalks, highlighting the centrally placed hammer and sickle, symbols of the proletariat and peasantry. Below the emblem, within a frame, is the Russian abbreviation of the republic’s name: “Р.С.Ф.С.Р.” (RSFSR).

The outer ring of the coin bears the inscription “ПРОЛЕТАРИИ ВСЕХ СТРАН, СОЕДИНЯЙТЕСЬ!” (“Workers of the world, unite!”), a phrase from the concluding lines of Marx’s Communist Manifesto. As the world’s first communist state, the Soviet Union adopted this slogan as its national motto.

The reverse of the coin features two concentric beaded borders. At its centre is a five-pointed star with a recessed circular area inscribed with the denomination “50.” Below the star is the year of minting, “1922.” Surrounding the central design is a wreath composed of intertwined laurel and oak leaves, symbolising victory and strength. At the top of the wreath, the full denomination is inscribed in Russian as “50 КОПЕЕК” (50 kopeks).

The coin’s edge features an engraved inscription that reads: “ЧИСТОГО СЕРЕБРА 2 ЗОЛОТНИКА 10,5 ДОЛЕЙ (П.Л2)”, which translates to “Pure silver 2 zolotniks 10.5 dolyas.” The zolotnik was a historical Russian unit of weight used for measuring silver, equivalent to 4.2658 grams. Notably, the coins issued in AD 1921 and AD 1922 differ only in the edge inscription, with the AD 1921 version marked “(А.Г)” and the AD 1922 version marked “(П.Л).” “А.Г” represents the inspector’s name stamp for Arthur Hartmann, while “П.Л” corresponds to Peter Latyshev.

The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) was the largest, most populous, and politically most significant constituent republic of the Soviet Union. Its capital, Moscow, was also the capital of the Soviet Union. Following the October Revolution in AD 1917, the Soviet Union was officially established, but it was immediately plunged into a brutal civil war from AD 1917 to AD 1922. Between AD 1921 and AD 1922, the territory of the RSFSR encompassed lands that would later be separated into five Central Asian Soviet republics. The RSFSR’s boundaries were finalised in AD 1956, and after the dissolution of the Soviet Union in AD 1991, its territory became the foundation of the modern Russian Federation.

物件編號: A1570

年代: 公元 1922 年

材質:

尺寸: 26.6 x 26.6 x 2.0 mm

重量: 9.95 g

製造地: 彼得格勒鑄幣廠

來源: 福君錢幣 2015

這是一枚於公元1922年預先鑄造,直到公元1924年才正式於俄羅斯蘇維埃聯邦社會主義共和國 (簡稱蘇俄)發行流通的50戈比銀幣。

錢幣正面被珠圈環繞的圖騰,為蘇聯各加盟國通用的國徽,即以旭日為背景,兩側是麥穗裝飾的花圈,襯托出正中央象徵農工階級的鐮刀和鎚子。下方的框內則是加盟國的俄文簡稱「Р.С.Ф.С.Р.」。

外圍的環形銘文「ПРОЛЕТАРИИ ВСЕХ СТРАН,СОЕДИНЯИТЕСЬ!」出自馬克思發表的《共產黨宣言》結尾「全世界無產者,聯合起來!」,蘇聯作為世界上第一個共產政權以這句話作為國家格言。

錢幣背面有兩道珠圈,正中央是一枚五角星,星星中間凹陷的圓圈打印面額「50」,星星下方則是鑄造的年份「1922」。外圍則是月桂和橡樹葉編織成的花圈,花圈頂端是以俄文標示的完整面額「50 КОПЕЕК」(50戈比)。

錢幣邊緣也有打印一圈銘文「ЧИСТОГО СЕРЕБРА 2 ЗОЛОТНИКА 10,5 ДОЛЕЙ (П.Л)」意思是「純銀 2 佐洛特尼克 10.5 份」。佐洛特尼克是俄羅斯舊時秤量白銀的計重單位,相當於4.2658克。值得注意的是公元1921和1922年發行的版本,兩者唯一的差異是邊緣分別以「(А.Г)」和「(П.Л)」作為區別。「А.Г」為監工亞瑟·哈特曼的姓名戳記,「П.Л」則屬於彼得·拉泰舍夫。

蘇俄為蘇聯轄下面積最大、人口最多和政治地位最重要的加盟國,首都莫斯科同時也是蘇聯的首都。公元1917年十月革命後,蘇聯宣告成立,但是隨即在公元1917至1922年爆發殘酷的內戰。公元1921至1922年間,蘇俄的領土涵蓋後續將劃分出去的五個中亞加盟國領土。蘇俄的疆域於公元1956年固定,並於公元1991年蘇聯解體後,成為俄羅斯聯邦的疆域雛形。

類似/相同物件 請看:

俄羅斯 卡西莫夫歷史文化博物館 Kasimov Historical and Cultural Museum

https://kasmuzey.ru/index.php/muzejnye-redkosti/663-50-kopeek-1921-goda

美國 錢幣學會 American Numismatic Society

https://numismatics.org/collection/1924.999.217

更多相關訊息請參考:

https://www.booksite.ru/fulltext/1/001/008/097/706.htm

https://museumpskov.ru/news/k_100_letiyu_chekanki_monety_50_kopeek

https://www.russian-money.ru/coins/sssr/serebro-1921-1931/50-kopeek-1921–4177

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