Item number: A2030

Year: AD 1206-1290

Material: Billon

Size: 13.4 x 13.2 x 3.3 mm

Weight: 3.6 g

Provenance: Da Chen Stamps and Coins Collection 2015

Based on the stylistic characteristics of this coin, it is likely a jital issued during the Mamluk dynasty of the Delhi Sultanate. The jital was a type of currency introduced to the Indian subcontinent by Afghan conquerors during the medieval period. It was typically composed of silver or other base metals and was commonly used for low-denomination transactions.

The obverse of this coin features a stylised and slightly corpulent zebu (humped bull) motif, characteristic of Indian iconography. Surrounding the bull is a circular Devanagari inscription indicating the ruler’s title and name. The reverse depicts a warrior on horseback, with the horse facing right. Similar to the obverse, the surrounding inscription in Devanagari script also records the ruler’s title.

The Delhi Sultanate refers to the Islamic polity established in the early 13th century by Turkic Muslim warlords from Afghanistan after their conquest of the Indian subcontinent, with Delhi as their capital. From its founding in AD 1206 to its fall in AD 1526 at the hands of Babur, the Turkicised Mongol ruler and founder of the Mughal Empire, the Delhi Sultanate was ruled by a succession of five dynasties. The Mamluk (Ghulam) dynasty, also known as the Qutb Shahi dynasty, was the first of these ruling houses.

The Qutb Shahi dynasty, also known as the Mamluk Dynasty, was founded by Qutb al-Din Aibak, a Turkic slave of Cuman (Kipchak) origin. The dynasty had a total of eleven rulers before it was overthrown by the Khalji dynasty in AD 1290.

物件編號: A2030

年代: 公元 1206-1290 年

材質: 賤金屬

尺寸: 13.4 x 13.2 x 3.3 mm

重量: 3.6 g

來源: 大城郵幣社 2015

從這枚錢幣的風格來判斷，這應該是一枚德里蘇丹國的庫特布沙希王朝時期發行的吉塔爾錢幣。吉塔爾是來自阿富汗的征服者在中世紀帶入南亞次大陸的一種錢幣，其材質多為銀或其他賤金屬，通常作為小面額交易的貨幣。

這枚錢幣正面有顯得抽象又有點豐腴的印度特色瘤牛圖騰，周圍以環形天成文標示統治者的頭銜和名諱。錢幣背面是一匹面朝右側的駿馬和武士像，周圍也是同樣以天成文標示的頭銜。

德里蘇丹國是泛指公元13世紀初，來自阿富汗的突厥穆斯林軍閥進入印度次大陸後，以德里作為首都建立的伊斯蘭政權。自公元1206年創建至公元1526年遭到突厥化的蒙古人統治者巴布爾消滅為止，前後總計有五個王朝，庫特布沙希王朝為其中的第一個王朝。

庫特布沙希王朝又稱作奴隸王朝，創建者庫特布丁·艾伊拜克是出身自欽察部落的突厥奴隸。王朝先後有十一位統治者，於公元1290年遭到卡爾吉王朝取代為止。