Item number: A2840

Year: AD 1102-1105

Material: Bronze

Size: 24.7 x 24.7 x 1.3 mm

Weight: 3.5 g

Provenance: Fuchin Coin 2020

This is a Haedong Tongbo coin minted during the reign of Sukjong, the 15th monarch of the Goryeo Dynasty.

The coin adopts the traditional Chinese-style design of square-holed cash coins. On the obverse, the inscription “海東通寶” (Haedong Tongbo) is engraved in seal script, arranged in a clockwise sequence. The characters “海東” (“Haedong”) symbolically refer to Goryeo’s geographic position east of the Yellow Sea. The reverse is plain, bearing no inscriptions or decorative elements.

The Korean Peninsula has historically been profoundly influenced by neighbouring Chinese civilisation, and in its early monetary history, coins in circulation were often adopted from or modelled after those of Chinese dynasties. According to historical records, the Haedong Tongbo was minted in the 7th year of King Sukjong’s reign (AD 1102), during the reign of Emperor Huizong of the Northern Song Dynasty. It represents the first independently designed coin in the history of the Korean Peninsula. The inscriptions on the coin were rendered in various calligraphic styles, including seal script, regular script, and running script.

The Goryeo Dynasty was founded by Wang Geon, a general of Goguryeo descent, who seized power by overthrowing the ruling monarch. He subsequently conquered Silla and Later Baekje, thereby reunifying the Korean Peninsula. Throughout its history, Goryeo maintained active relations with neighbouring powers, including Japan, China, and the nomadic peoples of the northern steppes. In the 13th century, Goryeo became a vassal state of the Mongol Empire following a series of invasions, and royal intermarriages between the two dynasties became frequent. The Goryeo Dynasty lasted nearly five centuries until it was overthrown in AD 1392 by General Yi Seong-gye, who established the Joseon Dynasty.

物件編號: A2840

年代: 公元 1102-1105 年

材質: 青銅

尺寸: 24.7 x 24.7 x 1.3 mm

重量: 3.5 g

來源: 福君錢幣 2020

這是一枚高麗王朝的第十五任統治者肅宗在位期間鑄造的「海東通寶」。

錢幣形制仿效中國的方孔錢造型。錢幣正面按照順時針順序，以漢字篆書書法鐫刻「海東通寶」四字，「海東」兩字寓意高麗的地理位置在黃海東邊。錢幣背面為光背，沒有任何圖案或文字。

朝鮮半島在歷史上深受相鄰的中華文化影響，其早期流通使用的貨幣多沿用或仿造中華政權的錢幣。根據史料紀載，海東通寶鑄造於肅宗7年 (公元1102年)，相當於北宋的宋徽宗之際，高麗鑄造了朝鮮半島歷史上第一款自行設計的錢幣，其使用的書法字體有篆書、楷書和行書。

高麗王朝由出身於後高句麗的將領王建在推翻國王後，相繼攻陷新羅和後百濟後，再次統一朝鮮半島的政權。高麗王朝跟相鄰的日本、中國和北方游牧民族有密切的互動。尤其是公元13世紀，隨著蒙古帝國的征討成為附庸國，並且雙方的王室有密切的聯姻。高麗王朝直到公元1392年，方才遭到將領李成桂起兵篡位建立朝鮮王朝，結束其將近五百年的歷史。