Item number: A2844

Year: AD 1913

Material: Bronze

Size: 36.8 x 36.8 mm

Provenance: Fuchin Coin 2020

This is a pattern coin with a face value of 5 Marks, produced in AD 1913 within the Kingdom of Bavaria, then part of the German Empire. It is made of bronze and was not intended for general circulation.

The pattern coin was designed by renowned Bavarian sculptor Karl Goetz. The obverse features a left-facing portrait of Ludwig III, the then-reigning—and final—king of Bavaria, depicted with a beard and wearing a high-collared garment. Encircling the portrait is the German inscription “LVDWIG III KÖNIG V. BAYERN”, which translates to “Ludwig III, King of Bavaria.”

The reverse of the coin depicts a powerful eagle standing atop a heraldic shield, its wings outstretched as it guards the crown and chain positioned below. In the upper right corner, the denomination “5 MARK” is inscribed, while the year of issue, “1913,” appears on the right side. The upper left bears the inscription “DEUTSCHES REICH,” meaning “German Empire.”

In AD 1913, prior to officially ascending the throne as King of Bavaria, Ludwig III had already held de facto power within the kingdom as regent, governing on behalf of his nephew Otto, who was incapacitated due to mental illness. In AD 1918, following the German Empire’s defeat in World War I, Ludwig III became the first monarch in Germany to be deposed by public uprising. He passed away in AD 1921.

Karl Goetz, a medallist from Bavaria, was an active German medal engraver during the first half of the 20th century. Goetz left behind a vast body of work, and his keen interest in politics and current events allows later generations to glimpse how he vividly documented Germany’s social and political transformations during the two World Wars and the interwar period. Through a style characterised by a degree of exaggeration and dark humour, his works serve as a compelling record of these historical developments.

物件編號: A2844

年代: 公元 1913 年

材質: 青銅

尺寸: 36.8 x 36.8 mm

來源: 福君錢幣 2020

這是一枚公元1913年，德意志第二帝國疆域內的巴伐利亞王國，以青銅為材料製作的面額5馬克樣幣。

樣幣由巴伐利亞本地出身的知名雕刻家卡爾·戈茨操刀設計。錢幣正面是時任巴伐利亞國王，亦是王國末代統治者路德維希三世，穿著高領服飾和蓄鬍的左側肖像。錢幣周圍打印環形的德文銘文「 LVDWIG III KÖNIG V. BAYERN」意思是「路德維希三世 巴伐利亞國王」。

錢幣背面是一隻矗立在盾徽上面的雄鷹，老鷹張開羽翼守護著下方的王冠和項鍊。老鷹的右上角標示面額「5 MARK」(5馬克)，右側是發行年份「1913」，左上方為國名「DEUTSCHES REICH」(德意志帝國)。

公元1913年，登基成為巴伐利亞國王之前，路德維希三世早已是王國內部實質掌權的攝政王，協助患有精神疾病的姪子鄂圖統治國家。公元1918年，隨著德意志帝國在第一次世界大戰中戰敗，路德維希三世成為第一位遭到民眾罷黜的國王，並且於公元1921年逝世。

出身於巴伐利亞的卡爾·戈茨是活躍於公元20世紀上半葉的德國獎章雕刻家，戈茨留下了數量龐大的作品且對於政治和時事的高度關心，使得後人得以從他的作品一窺戈茨如何以帶點浮誇和黑色幽默的表現方式，生動紀錄下德國在兩次世界大戰和戰間期期間的社會和政治變化。