Item number: A3278

Year: AD 1986

Material: Aluminium Bronze

Size: 31.8 x 31.8 x 2.4 mm

Weight: 14.8 g

Provenance: Spink 2023

This is a 1 Tögrög commemorative coin issued in AD 1986 by the Mongolian People’s Republic, in response to the United Nations’ designation of that year as the International Year of Peace. The coin is composed of aluminium-bronze.

The coin has a notably thick and solid appearance. The obverse features a pair of open hands releasing a dove, a universal symbol of peace. The design is flanked by laurel branches on both sides, and at the base of the laurel wreath is the year 1986, marking the United Nations’ designation of that year as the International Year of Peace. Encircling the design is the Cyrillic Mongolian inscription “ОЛОН УЛСЫН ЭНХТАЙВНЫ ЖИЛ”, which translates to “International Year of Peace.”

The reverse side of the coin features the national emblem of the Mongolian People’s Republic, specifically the fifth version used between AD 1960 and 1992, prior to the country’s transition to democracy. Although the emblem shows significant wear, many of its key details remain discernible. Reflecting Mongolia’s status during the Cold War as a member of the communist bloc and a Soviet satellite state, the emblem was heavily influenced by Soviet design.

Flanking the emblem are tied sheaves of wheat, symbolising agriculture, while the top features a red star—representing communism—and the Soyombo, a traditional symbol of Mongolia. At the bottom is a cogwheel wrapped in a ribbon, representing the working class; inscribed on the ribbon is the Cyrillic abbreviation of the country’s name: “БНМАУ” (Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс, “Mongolian People’s Republic”).

At the centre of the emblem is a depiction of a Mongolian man dressed in traditional attire, riding a horse across the steppe toward a rising sun—symbolising the nation’s progress toward a bright communist future.

At the top of the emblem, the full name of the country is inscribed in Cyrillic Mongolian: “БҮГД НАЙРАМДАХ МОНГОЛ АРД УЛС” (Mongolian People’s Republic). Below the emblem is the coin’s denomination: “НЭГ ТӨГРӨГ” (1 Tögrög). The term Tögrög in Mongolian literally means “Dollar.”

The edge of the coin again bears the denomination “НЭГ ТӨГРӨГ” (1 Tögrög) in Cyrillic Mongolian.

On May 22, AD 1986, the United Nations Economic and Social Council adopted a resolution at its plenary session designating that year as the International Year of Peace. The initiative aimed to promote global awareness and encourage both governmental and non-governmental organisations to prioritise and advocate for the preservation of peace.

On October 20, AD 1945, the de facto independent Mongolian People’s Republic held a national referendum on independence, after which its sovereignty was officially recognised by the Republic of China (ROC)—then the claimant state to Mongolian territory. Although the ROC later reversed its position after relocating to Taiwan and withdrew recognition of Mongolia’s independence, Mongolia had already begun to establish diplomatic relations with other countries, particularly within the communist bloc during the Cold War.

However, Mongolia’s accession to the United Nations faced repeated obstruction from the Republic of China. In AD 1955, during a UN General Assembly debate on Mongolia’s membership, the ROC—then a permanent member of the Security Council—exercised its sole veto in UN history to block Mongolia’s entry.

By AD 1961, as the question of Mongolia’s admission was raised again, the Soviet Union countered by threatening to withhold recognition of newly independent African states unless Mongolia’s membership was approved. Under mounting pressure from both the United States and African nations seeking diplomatic recognition, the Republic of China ultimately abstained from voting on Mongolia’s membership. As a result, Mongolia was admitted to the United Nations in AD 1961, where it has remained a full member ever since.

物件編號: A3278

年代: 公元 1986 年

材質: 鋁青銅

尺寸: 31.8 x 31.8 x 2.4 mm

重量: 14.8 g

來源: 斯賓克拍賣行 2023

這是一枚公元1986年，作為聯合國一員的蒙古人民共和國響應「國際和平年」所發行的1圖格里克紀念幣，材質為鋁青銅。

錢幣的外觀十分厚實。錢幣正面的圖案是一對手掌釋放出象徵和平的鴿子，兩側以桂冠環繞，桂冠下緣為聯合國訂定「國際和平年」的年份「1986」。錢幣周圍的環型西里爾蒙文「ОЛОН УЛСЫН ЭНХТАЙВНЫ ЖИЛ」即「國際和平年」。

錢幣背面帶有蒙古人民共和國的國徽，為公元1960年至1992年民主化之前，蒙古人民共和國使用的第五版國徽。國徽磨蝕較為嚴重，但尚能辨識相關細節。作為冷戰時期共產主義陣營和蘇聯衛星國的身分，蒙古的國徽深受蘇聯的影響。國徽兩側是打結的麥穗，頂端是象徵共產主義的紅星和象徵蒙古的「索永布」，下緣則是被包裹在綵帶象徵工人的齒輪，綵帶上面有西里爾蒙文的國名縮寫「БНМАУ」。國徽正中央是一個在草原上馭馬奔馳，身著傳統服飾奔向朝陽的蒙古男子，象徵國家邁向共產主義的光明未來。

國徽上緣是以西里爾蒙文標示完整的國名「БҮГД НАЙРАМДАХ МОНГОЛ АРД УЛС」(蒙古人民共和國)，下方則是標示錢幣面額「НЭГ ТӨГРӨГ」(1圖格里克)，「圖格里克」蒙古語是「圓」的意思。

錢幣側邊再度以西里爾蒙文標示面額「НЭГ ТӨГРӨГ」(1圖格里克)。

公元1986年5月22日，聯合國經濟及社會理事會在大會上通過訂定當年度為「國際和平年」，旨在促進各個國家、政府組織和非政府組織對於維護和平的重視和呼籲。

公元1945年10月20日，實質獨立的蒙古人民共和國經過獨立公投後，得到主權聲張者中華民國政府的承認。即便後續播遷到臺灣的中華民國政府反悔不承認蒙古的獨立，但是蒙古已經逐漸和其他國家，尤其是冷戰共產主義陣營的國家建立外交關係，但是蒙古加入聯合國的進程一直受到中華民國的阻擾。公元1955年，聯合國大會在討論是否接納蒙古為會員一議案中，作為常任理事國的中華民國動用其在聯合國唯一一次的否決權阻擾。公元1961年，當蒙古加入聯合國一案再次提及時，蘇聯以不承認非洲新興國家的入會資格，施壓大會需要同意蒙古的入會資格。最終中華民國在爭取非洲國家的外交承認和美國施壓下，對於蒙古加入聯合國一案以棄權表達立場。因此蒙古於公元1961年成為聯合國會員迄今。