Red Eagle Order, type IV

(miniature)

第四型紅鷹勳章

(迷你版)

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Item number: M49-1

Year: AD 1855-1870

Material: Gold, Silver and Enamel

Size: 18.61 x 18.61

Provenance: Künker 2023

This set of miniature chain consists of three miniatures, from left to right, including Red Eagle Order, type IV, Order of the Saints Maurice and Lazarus, and The National Order of the Legion of Honour, 2nd Empire.

Red Eagle Order, Type IV

In AD 1705, George William, the hereditary Prince of Anspach and Baireuth, founded the “Ordre de la Sincerite:” consisting of a gold cross set in diamonds, with wide edges. The middle contained the initials, “C. E.” (afterwards “G. W.”) with a palm branch beneath a prince’s coronet, while in the four corners of the cross were seen golden rays, richly mounted with diamonds. The Chapel of the Order was always to belong to the Evangelical Church of the original Augsburg Confession.

On July 13, AD 1734, the Margrave, George Frederick Charles, reorganized this Order as ‘The Brandenburg Red Eagle.’ Membership was limited to thirty individuals demonstrating noble descent through eight generations from both parents. The nomination fee was set at twenty ducats. In AD 1759, the Margrave added a first class of the Grand Cross, and in AD 1777, membership increased to fifty, with a nomination fee of 500 fl., Rhenish. Candidates were required to bear the title of ‘Excellency’ before nomination.

In AD 1791, Frederick William II elevated the Red Eagle to the second rank among the Orders of his house. The decoration transformed into a golden white-enameled Maltese Cross with a royal crown and the Brandenburg Eagle in the corners, and the letters, ‘F. W. R’ in the middle. Worn from the left shoulder to the left hip, it featured a white ribbon with two orange-colored stripes. The silver star displayed the Brandenburg Eagle, Hohenzollern Arms, and the motto: ‘Sincere et Constanter (Sincerely and with Constancy).’ Knights of the Black Eagle were received into this Order, and to further limit membership, it was decreed that only those already decorated with the Red Eagle could join the Black Eagle. Entrance fees were set at thirty Frederics d’or.

Type I (AD 1792-1810) No eagle in the centre
Type II (AD 1810-1829)Eagle without Hohenzollern cost of arms on chest
Type III (AD 1830-1854) Eagle with short wings and Hohenzollern cost of arms on chest AD 1830-1846 lilac eagle after 1846 brick-red eagle
Type IV (AD 1855-1918) Eagle with long wings From AD 1851, commemorative sign ‘50’ added From 1861 sing ‘60’ added

物件編號: M49-1

年代: 公元 1855-1870 年

材質: 黃金, 白銀和琺瑯

尺寸: 18.61 x 18.61 mm

來源: 昆克拍賣 2023

此迷你版勳章鍊條包含三個迷你版勳章,由左至右分別為第四型紅鷹勳章、聖莫里茲和拉撒路騎士勳章,以及第二帝國榮譽軍團勳章。

第四型紅鷹勳章

公元1705年,安斯巴赫和拜羅伊特的世襲王子喬治·威廉(George William)創立了“誠實勳章”(Ordre de la Sincerite),該勳章由一枚嵌有鑽石的金十字組成,邊緣寬闊。中央刻有字母“C.E.”(後來為“G.W.”),冠以王子的冠冕,十字的四個角上則飾有豐富的鑽石。

公元1734年7月13日,馬克拉夫喬治·弗雷德里克·查爾斯(George Frederick Charles)將這個勳章重新組織為“勃蘭登堡紅鷹勳章”(The Brandenburg Red Eagle)。成員人數限制為三十人,必須通過八代雙親的貴族血統證明,提名費設定為二十杜卡特。1759年,馬克拉夫增加了第一級中的大十字,公元1777年,成員數量增加到五十人,提名費為500 Friedrich d’or 。提名前,候選人必須擁有“卓越”(Excellency)的頭銜。

公元1791年,弗雷德里克·威廉二世將紅鷹勳章提升為第二高的王室勳章。勳章變成了一枚金色的白色琺瑯馬爾他十字,頂部有皇冠,四個角上有勃蘭登堡鷹,中央刻有“F.W.R”字母。佩戴在左肩到左臀,配有一條白色緞帶,上有兩條橙色條紋。銀色星星展示了勃蘭登堡鷹,霍亨索倫家族的紋章以及座右銘:“Sincere et Constanter(真誠而堅定)”。黑鷹騎士被接納到這個勳章中,為了進一步限制成員資格,規定只有那些已經被紅鷹勳章授予的人才能加入黑鷹勳章。入會費用設定為三十Friedrich d’or 。

第一型(公元 1792-1810)中央無鷹
第二型(公元 1810-1829)鷹的胸口上沒有霍亨索倫家族的紋章
第三型(公元 1830-1854)鷹翼短,霍亨索倫家族的紋章在胸前 公元 1830-1846 淡紫色的鷹公元 1846年後,磚紅色的鷹
第四型(公元1855-1918) 鷹翼長 公元1851年開始,添加了紀念標誌「50」 公元1861年開始添加「60」

類似/相同物件 請看:

美國 國家歷史博物館 National Museum of American History

https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/object/nmah_963343

英國 格林威治皇家博物館 Royal Museums Greenwich

https://www.rmg.co.uk/collections/objects/rmgc-object-374093

更多相關訊息請參考:

指文號角工作室主編,《號角:世界經典制服徽章藝術II》(北京:中國長安出版社,2016)

Borna Barac, Reference Catalogue Orders Medals and Decorations of the World : instituted until 1945 : Part II Bronze Book D-G (Craotia:OBOL d.o.o. Zagreb, 2010)

Borna Barac, Reference Catalogue Orders Medals and Decorations of the World : instituted until 1945 : Part IV Bronze Book P-Z (Craotia:OBOL d.o.o. Zagreb, 2010)

https://www.identifymedals.com/database/medals-by-period/pre-ww1-medals/the-royal-and-military-order-of-saint-ferdinand/

American Delegation of Savoy Orders. Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarush

www.savoydelegation-usa.org/order-of-saints-maurice-and-lazarus.html

Burke, Bernar. The book of orders of knighthood and decorations of honour of all nations. (London: Hurst and Blackett, 1858)

archive.org/stream/bookofordersofk00burk#page/200/mode/2up

Ehrenzeichen-orden.Roter Adler Orden 3.Klasse

www.ehrenzeichen-orden.de/deutsche-staaten/roter-adler-orden-3-klasse.html

Amedeo di Savoia-Aosta, “In nome del Re Conversazione con Gigi Speroni”, Pavia 1986

Karl August Fürst von Hardenberg,Prussian Palaces and Gardens Foundation Berlin-Brandenburg

www.fotothek.spsg.de/detail/fotoViewerWeb?eadb_frame=_new&easydb=ls9n0dojv6o869abth88httg81&grid_id=24627&table_id=155&select_id=15681&currframe=mainframe&cid=search_1375_mainframe&parent_select_id=15681

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