Item number: A3288

Year: AD 1091-1137 (AH 484-532)

Material: Gold

Size: 18.4 x 19.5 mm

Weight: 2.14 g

Manufactured by: Jibla, Yemen

Provenance: Fuchin Coin 2025

This is a dinar gold coin minted between AH 484 and 532 (AD 1091–1137) during the reign of Arwa al-Sulayhi, one of the rare female rulers in the Islamic world, under the Sulayhid dynasty in the region of Yemen.

The obverse and reverse sides of the coin are decorated with two solid concentric circles. At the centre of the obverse, there are four lines of Arabic inscriptions, which read from top to bottom: “لا اله الا الله” (“There is no god but God”), “محمد رسول الله” (“Muhammad is the Messenger of God”), and the Shi’a-specific invocation “علي ولي الله” (“ʿAlī is the Friend [or Representative] of God”).

Surrounding the central text is an inscription indicating the minting location and date: “بسم الله ضرب هذا الدينر بجبلة سنة …….و تسعين واربعمائه” — “In the name of God, this dinar was struck in Jibla in the year AH 49X.”

The central inscription on the reverse of the coin consists of four lines listing the titles of the ruler, reading from top to bottom: “al-Malik al-Sayyid” (“His Majesty the King”), “al-Mukarram ʿAẓīm” (“The Noble and Great”), “Sulṭān al-ʿArab” (“Sultan of the Arabs”), and “Amīr al-Muʾminīn” (“Commander of the Faithful”). The circular inscription around the edge names the suzerain of the Sulayhid dynasty — the Fatimid Caliphate of Egypt — and includes the titles of its ruler: “al-Imām Maʿad Abū Tamīm al-Mustanṣir bi-Llāh Amīr al-Muʾminīn”, which refers to Abū Tamīm Maʿad al-Mustanṣir bi-Llāh, the eighth caliph of the Fatimid dynasty, and again “Amīr al-Muʾminīn” (“Commander of the Faithful”).

The Sulayhid dynasty was a Shia regime established in AD 1047, which acknowledged the Fatimid Caliphate—based in Cairo—as its suzerain. Arwa al-Sulayhi was the first female sovereign in Islamic history. One of her most notable achievements was advising her husband, al-Mukarram Ahmad, to relocate the capital from Sanaʿa to Jibla. Arwa’s own mausoleum is also located in Jibla, where it became both a significant mosque and an important site of pilgrimage.

物件編號: A3288

年代: 公元 1091-1137 年 (回曆 484-532 年)

材質: 黃金

尺寸: 18.4 x 19.5 mm

重量: 2.14 g

製造地: 吉卜拉，葉門

來源: 福君錢幣 2025

這是一枚回曆484至532年 (公元1091至1137年)，伊斯蘭世界罕見的女性統治者阿爾瓦·阿爾-蘇萊希統治之下，葉門一帶的蘇萊希德王朝發行鑄造的第納爾金幣。

錢幣正反兩面以兩道實心圓作為裝飾。錢幣正面的中央有四行阿拉伯銘文，其內容從上而下，分別是「لا اله الا الله」(萬物非主，唯有真主)、「محمد رسول الله」(穆罕默德是真主的使者) 和什葉派獨有的禱詞「علي ولي الله」(阿里是真主的代言人)。錢幣周圍則標示鑄造地點和年份「بسم الله ضرب هذا الدينر بجبلة سنة …….و تسعين واربعمائه」，即「奉真主之名，這枚第納爾於回曆49X年鑄造於吉卜拉」。

錢幣背面正中央的四行銘文是統治者的各個頭銜，從上而下，分別是「الملك السيد」(國王陛下)、「المكرم عظيم」(尊貴而偉大)、「العرب سلطان」(阿拉伯人的蘇丹) 和「أمير المؤمنين」(信士的統帥)。錢幣周圍的環形銘文則是打印蘇萊希德王朝的宗主國，即埃及法蒂瑪王朝統治者的頭銜「الامام معد ابو تميم المستنصر بالله أمير المؤمنين」(伊瑪目·馬爾德)、法蒂瑪王朝第八任哈里發「أبو تميم معد المستنصر بالله‎」(阿布·塔明·馬阿德·穆斯坦綏爾·比拉) 和「أمير المؤمنين」(信士的統帥)。

蘇萊希德王朝是一個創立於公元1047年的什葉派政權，遙奉首都在開羅的法蒂瑪王朝為宗主國。阿爾瓦·阿爾-蘇萊希為伊斯蘭歷史上首位女性統治者，其最知名的事蹟是建議夫君阿罕默德·穆卡拉姆將首都從沙那遷到吉卜拉，阿爾瓦本人的陵寢也坐落於吉卜拉，成為當地重要的清真寺和朝聖地點。