Item number: M445

Year: AD 1885-1910

Material: Silver

Size: 48.0 x 44.5 x 1.1 mm

Weight: 20.65 g

Provenance: Stephen Album Rare Coins 2025

This is a merit medal likely issued by the Emirate of Bukhara in AD 1885 to 1910.

The medal is made of silver and is round. At the centre is a circular field bearing a Persian inscription, read from right to left and from bottom to top as “بخارایِ شریف” (Bokhārā-ye sharīf), meaning “Noble Bukhara.” Above this appears the date “۱۳۰۳,” indicating AH 1303, corresponding to AD 1885–1886. This date merely signifies that the medal was issued during the reign of ʿAbd al-Ahad Khan, who acceded to the throne in AD 1885, and does not represent the actual year in which the individual medal was awarded. Encircling the central field is the inscription “ازبراى خدمت وخيرخواهى” (az barā-ye khedmat va kheyr-khāhī), rendered here as “for diligence and merit.” The outermost border consists of a continuous geometric meander pattern. In addition to ornamental fillers between the letters, the recessed areas between the raised elements were originally filled with turquoise and violet enamel. At the top is a loop for suspension from a cord, allowing the medal to be worn on the chest.

The medal was instituted in AD 1885 by ʿAbd al-Ahad Khan and was issued in gold and silver.

The Emirate of Bukhara was established in AD 1785, when Shāh Murād, a strongman of the Manghit tribe of Turkic origin, deposed the Astrakhanid dynasty, whose lineage could be traced back to Genghis Khan, and founded a new state with Bukhara as its capital. As he did not belong to the Mongol Golden Lineage, Shāh Murād could not assume the title of khan and was instead styled emir; from this point onward, the Khanate of Bukhara was reorganised as the Emirate of Bukhara.

In the mid-19th century, faced with the steady expansion of Imperial Russia into Central Asia, the Emirate of Bukhara suffered repeated military defeats and, in AD 1868, became a Russian protectorate. In AD 1917, taking advantage of the turmoil following the October Revolution in Russia, the emirate briefly regained its independence. However, in AD 1920, under pressure from the advancing Soviet Red Army, the last emir, Mohammed Alim Khan, fled into exile in neighbouring Afghanistan, marking the definitive end of the Emirate of Bukhara.

物件編號: M445

年代: 公元 1885-1910 年

材質: 銀

尺寸: 48.0 x 44.5 x 1.1 mm

重量: 20.65 g

來源: 史蒂芬稀有錢幣專輯 2025

這是一枚應為公元1885至1910年，布哈拉酋長國頒發的功績獎章。

獎章材質為銀，外觀為梨形。中央圓形區域，有波斯文章銘，由右至左，由下至上為「بخارایِ شریف」(Bokhārā-ye sharīf)，即「高貴之城布哈拉」。上方有「۱۳۰۳」，標示為伊曆1303年，即公元1885至1886年。該年分僅表示該獎章為公元1885年即位的阿卜杜勒·阿哈德汗任內所頒，並非為具體獎章的頒發年。外圈環列「ازبراى خدمت وخيرخواهى」(az barā-ye khedmat va kheyr-khāhī)，譯為「勤勉與功績」。最外側則為連續的幾何回紋紋樣。字間除填有花紋外，凸紋間原先應填滿青色及紫色琺瑯。上方有環，用以穿繩懸掛於胸前。

該獎章於公元1885年，由阿卜杜勒·阿哈德汗設立，分為金、銀質。

布哈拉酋長國是公元1785年，出身突厥部落的曼吉特部強人：沙阿·穆拉德罷黜血統能上溯至成吉思汗的阿斯特拉罕王朝後，以布哈拉為首都建國。由於並非出身於蒙古黃金家族，沙阿·穆拉德不得自稱為可汗，僅能擁有埃米爾的頭銜。自此布哈拉汗國改制為布哈拉酋長國。

公元19世紀中葉，面對沙俄對中亞地區的步步擴張。布哈拉酋長國先是在公元1868年多次兵敗後，淪為沙俄的保護國。公元1917年，利用沙俄十月革命的混亂之際，布哈拉酋長國舉兵短暫恢復獨立。但在公元1920年，面對蘇聯紅軍的攻勢，末代埃米爾：穆罕默德·阿利姆汗流亡至鄰國阿富汗，宣告布哈拉酋長國的覆滅。