Item number: M449

Year: AD 1896

Material: Silver

Size: 46.1 x 46.1 x 3.1 mm

Weight: 42.35 g

Manufactured by: Fábrica Nacional de Medallas

Provenance: Da Chen Stamps and Coins Collection 2015

This is a medal commemorating the inauguration of the monument to Joaquín Suárez.

The obverse depicts the Joaquín Suárez Monument, consisting of a full-length statue of Suárez surmounting a square pedestal and base. Around the upper edge runs the Spanish inscription “MONUMENTO AL GRAN CIUDADANO JOAQUIN SUAREZ” (“Monument to the Great Citizen Joaquín Suárez”). Along the lower edge appears “1811–1852”, marking the span from Suárez’s initial emergence in military and political affairs to the end of his presidency. At the lower left of the monument’s base is the small inscription “Orzali B.Y.C.”, identifying the private firm formed by Ignacio Orzali, José Bellagamba, and Constante Rossi, known as the Fábrica Nacional de Medallas (National Medal Factory). Orzali was likely the principal investor, Bellagamba the engraver, and Rossi responsible for the striking process.

The reverse bears the horizontal inscription “ERIGIDO É INAUGURADO BAJO LA PRESINDENCIA DEL CIUDADANO DN. JUAN IDIARTE BORDA, 1896”, meaning “Erected and inaugurated under the presidency of the citizen Don Juan Idiarte Borda, 1896”. “DN” is an abbreviation of “Don”, a Spanish honorific for men, commonly translated as “Mr”.

The Fábrica Nacional de Medallas was founded in AD 1894 in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It was jointly operated by three partners: Ignacio Orzali, who was primarily responsible for capital investment and overall management and who brought experience from earlier work in newspaper publishing and the cultural sphere; José Bellagamba, a professional engraver in charge of design and engraving quality; and Constante Rossi, who oversaw striking and technical operations. During their collaboration, the firm introduced and employed advanced reduction engraving equipment of the period, enabling rapid expansion in both output and technical standards. Over time, specific operational roles may have been delegated to hired staff, and as the partnership structure evolved, the firm’s mint marks likewise changed. From AD 1900 onwards, sustained economic growth and extensive public works led to a marked expansion of the Argentine medal market, with increasing numbers of medals associated with the construction of schools, public utilities, railways, telegraph systems, hospitals, asylums, and monuments commemorating national heroes and notable figures, as well as those linked to festivals, celebrations, and pilgrimage events (romerías). Among catalogued and marked Argentine medals of the period, the products of this firm account for approximately 35 per cent, indicating a substantial volume of production.

Joaquín Suárez, born in AD 1781, became politically active in AD 1811 during the revolution against Spanish rule in the Eastern Province (modern Uruguay), supporting José Artigas’s advocacy of autonomy and federalism and breaking with the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata. Subsequently, facing military intervention from Portuguese-controlled Brazil from AD 1816 onwards, the Eastern Province was overrun and incorporated into the Brazilian Empire as the Cisplatina Province. In AD 1825, following the uprising of the Thirty-Three Orientals, the Eastern Province formed an anti-Brazilian alliance with the United Provinces of the Río de la Plata; after the Argentine–Brazilian War of AD 1825–1828 and British mediation, Uruguay achieved independence in AD 1828 as a buffer state. In regional terms, early Uruguay and Paraguay were both constrained by the influence of larger powers, maintaining diplomatic contacts with one another but finding it difficult to establish a stable alliance owing to internal conflicts and external interventions. After independence, Uruguay quickly descended into prolonged civil strife between the Colorado and Blanco parties, culminating in the Great Siege of Montevideo of AD 1843–1851. During this period, Blanco leader Manuel Oribe established a rival government outside the city with support from Argentine federalists, while the “Government of the Defence” within Montevideo was sustained through the backing of Argentine unitarists, foreign volunteers, and European interests. Suárez, serving as President of the Senate, assumed the role of wartime head of state from AD 1843 to 1852, directing the defence of the capital as well as foreign and administrative affairs, until shifts in Argentine politics and Brazilian intervention brought the conflict to an end.

Juan Idiarte Borda served as President of Uruguay from AD 1894 to 1897 and was a member of the Colorado Party (Partido Colorado). Born in Montevideo, he was long active in the legislative and administrative branches, accumulating extensive experience in domestic and foreign affairs. His presidency coincided with a period of intense partisan confrontation in Uruguay: while he sought to continue the Colorado Party’s urban, commercial, and outward-looking national policies and to promote administrative stability and institutional governance, he also faced sustained resistance from Blanco forces and escalating political violence. In AD 1897, he was assassinated while in office by a Blanco extremist, becoming the first sitting president in Uruguayan history to be killed in an assassination.

物件編號: M449

年代: 公元 1896 年

材質: 銀

尺寸: 46.1 x 46.1 x 3.1 mm

重量: 42.35 g

製造地: 國家獎章工廠

來源: 大城郵幣社 2015

這是一枚紀念華金·蘇亞雷斯紀念碑落成的獎章。

獎章正面為華金·蘇亞雷斯紀念碑，紀念碑由華金·蘇亞雷斯全身像和下方方形碑體與基座組成。上方環列西班牙文「MONUMENTO AL GRAN CIUDADANO JOAQUIN SUAREZ」，即「偉大的公民，華金·蘇亞雷斯的紀念碑」。下方橫列「1811-1852」，為蘇亞雷斯初於軍事嶄露頭角到總統卸任之時。紀念碑地面左下有小字「Orzali B.Y.C.」，為伊格納西奧·奧爾薩利(Ignacio Orzali)、何塞·貝拉甘巴(José Bellagamba)、孔斯坦特·羅西（Constante Rossi)所合夥的私人公司，「國家獎章工廠」(Fábrica Nacional de Medallas)的標記。奧爾薩利可能是出資人，貝拉甘巴應為雕刻師，羅西則可能負責鑄造。

背面橫列「ERIGIDO É INAUGURADO BAJO LA PRESINDENCIA DEL CIUDADANO D^N. JUAN IDIARTE BORDA, 1896」，即「於公民胡安·伊迪亞特·博爾達總統任內豎立並舉行落成典禮，1896」，「D^N」即「Don」的縮寫，為男性尊稱，常譯為「先生」。

國家獎章工廠( Fábrica Nacional de Medallas)，於公元1894年成立於阿根廷的布宜諾斯艾利斯。由三位合夥人共同經營：伊格納西奧·奧爾薩利主要負責資金投入與整體經營，因早年在多個報紙出版社的工作，而具備新聞與文化領域背景；何塞·貝拉甘巴為專業雕刻師，掌握圖樣設計與雕刻品質；孔斯坦特·羅西則負責鑄造與技術層面的實務操作。三人合作期間，引進並運用當時先進的縮放雕刻設備，使工坊在產量與技術水準上迅速擴張。隨著時間推移，具體職位可能改由僱工負責。隨著合夥關係的轉變，其鑄造標記也隨之改變。公元1900年以降，由於長期的經濟繁榮，與公共建設的大規模興建，阿根廷共和國的獎章市場亦隨之持續成長，與學校、公共服務設施、鐵路、電報、醫院、收容所，以及紀念阿根廷功勳人物與重要人士之紀念碑建設相關的獎章數量明顯增加，加以節日、慶典的紀念與朝聖活動(Romerías)，相關獎章產品族繁不及備載。該公司產品於阿根廷當代編目並附有標記的獎章中，佔去約35%，產量頗豐。

華金·蘇亞雷斯(Joaquín Suárez)，公元1781年生。公元1811年，他在東方省(今烏拉圭)反抗西班牙統治的革命中投身政治行動，支持何塞·阿蒂加斯(José Artigas)的自治與聯邦主張，脫離拉布拉他聯合省；隨後，面對葡屬巴西自北方的軍事介入(公元1816年起)，東方省在夾擊中失守並被併入巴西帝國為「西斯普拉蒂納省」。公元1825年，東方三十三人起義後，東方省與拉布拉他聯合省(今阿根廷前身)形成反巴西同盟，經阿根廷—巴西戰爭(公元1825至1828年)與英國斡旋，烏拉圭於公元1828年獨立成為緩衝國；在區域關係上，早期烏拉圭與巴拉圭同受大國牽制，彼此互有外交往來但受限於內戰與外力干預而難以形成穩定同盟。獨立後，國內迅速陷入紅黨與白黨的長期內戰，其高峰為公元1843–1851年的蒙得維的亞大圍城：白黨領袖曼努埃爾·奧里韋在外圍建立對立政府並獲阿根廷聯邦派支持，而首都內的「防衛政府」則在阿根廷單一派、外籍志願者與歐洲勢力牽動下維持；此時，蘇亞雷斯以元老院議長身分出任戰時元首(公元1843至1852年)，統籌首都防衛、外交與行政，直至阿根廷內部權力更迭與巴西介入促成戰事終結。

胡安·伊迪亞特·博爾達(Juan Idiarte Borda)，於公元1894年至1897年間出任總統，隸屬紅黨(Partido Colorado)。他出生於蒙得維的亞，長期活躍於國會與行政體系，在內政與外交領域累積豐富經驗。博爾達執政期間，正值烏拉圭黨派政治高度對立的年代，他一方面延續紅黨以城市、商業與對外開放為導向的國家路線，試圖推動行政穩定與制度化治理；另一方面，亦面臨白黨勢力持續反抗與政治暴力升高的壓力。公元1897年，他在任內遭白黨激進分子刺殺身亡，成為烏拉圭史上首位遇刺去世的現任總統。