Item number: A4638

Reference number: KM#754

Year: AD 1914-1915 (AH1333)

Material: Gold (.917)

Size: 20.0 x 20.0 mm

Weight: 7.2160 g recorded

Manufactured by: Darpane-i Amire, Topkapi Palace

Provenance: Fuchin Coin 2025

This is a gold coin with a denomination of 100 kurush, issued by the Ottoman Empire between AD 1914 and 1915.

The centre of the obverse features the tughra (imperial monogram) of the then Ottoman Sultan, Mehmed V, reading ‘محمد خان بن عبد المجيد المظفر دائماً’ (Mehmed Hân bin Abdülmecid el-muzaffer dâimâ), which translates to ‘Mehmed Khan, son of Abdülmecid, victorious forever’. Along the lower margin, the inscription ‘سنة ۶’ (sanat 6) represents ‘Year 6’, meaning the sixth year, intended to signify the sixth year of the monarch’s regnal calendar. The small monogram to the right, ‘رشَاد’ (Reşad), is the Sultan’s poetic pseudonym or personal honorific ‘Reşad’, an unconventional given name meaning ‘righteousness’ or ‘integrity’. Arranged in an arc above the tughra are seven five-pointed stars, whilst the lower portion is encircled by a laurel wreath; at the intersection where the two laurel branches cross, an object resembling a quiver is superimposed. The outer rim features inward-pointing denticles, serving to protect the coin’s design from wear.

On the reverse, the upper centre bears the inscription ‘عz نصره’ (azza nasrahu), meaning ‘May his victory be glorious’. Below this, two lines reading ‘ضرب في’ (darb fî) and ‘قسطنطينية’ (Kostantiniyya) translate to ‘minted in Constantinople’, beneath which lies the accession year of the ruler, ‘١٣٢٧’ (1327), corresponding to AD 1909. The entire inscription is encircled by a laurel wreath, with a single five-pointed star positioned directly between the tips of the uppermost branches.

Born in AD 1844, Mehmed V was a son of Sultan Abdülmecid I; during his youth, he studied Arabic, Persian, and Islamic jurisprudence. Following the accession of his elder brother, Abdülhamid II, in AD 1876, he became the heir apparent, subsequently living under prolonged restriction and surveillance within the imperial palace. Following the outbreak of the 31 March Incident in AD 1909, the General National Assembly deposed Abdülhamid II within the same year; the 65-year-old Reşad subsequently ascended the throne as Mehmed V, becoming the 35th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire. Throughout his nine-year reign, the Ottoman Empire operated as a constitutional monarchy, wherein de facto state power was principally wielded by the Grand Vizier and the Committee of Union and Progress; during this period, the cabinet underwent ten successive changes. He undertook numerous imperial tours across the territories of the empire between AD 1909 and June AD 1911. Under his sovereignty, the empire endured a succession of conflicts, namely the Italo-Turkish War, the Balkan Wars, and the First World War; although he disapproved of Enver Pasha’s pro-German policy, he was ultimately unable to prevent the empire from aligning with the Central Powers. During the First World War, owing to the victory in the Gallipoli Campaign along the Istanbul defensive line, Mehmed V became entitled to use the title of ‘El-Ghazi’ (the Holy Warrior). Concurrently, within this same campaign, Colonel Mustafa Kemal—the future founder of the Republic of Turkey—emerged as a war hero by repelling the landing forces during the land battles. On 3 July AD 1918, Mehmed V passed away at the Yıldız Palace, and was succeeded by Mehmed VI.

物件編號: A4638

參考書目編號: KM#754

年代: 公元 1914-1915 年 (伊曆 1333 年)

材質: 黃金 (.917)

尺寸: 20.0 x 20.0 mm

重量: 記錄為 7.2160 g

製造地: 皇家造幣廠，托普卡匹宮

來源: 福君錢幣 2025

這是一枚公元1914-1915年，鄂圖曼土耳其帝國發行之面額100庫魯什的金幣。

錢幣正面中央是時任鄂圖曼土耳其帝國蘇丹，穆罕默德五世的花押「محمد خان بن عبد المجيد المظفر دائماً」(Mehmed Hân bin Abdülmecid el-muzaffer dâimâ)意為「永遠的勝利者，阿卜杜勒-邁吉德之子，穆罕默德汗」。下緣「سنة ۶ 」(sanat 6)則代表「第六年」，意為君主登基紀年第六年。右側的小花押「رشَاد」(Reshad)，為蘇丹作為詩人的筆名或特稱「雷沙德」，違常用人名，意為「正直」。花押上方環列七枚五角星，下方圍繞月桂葉冠，兩根月桂樹枝交疊處前有形似箭袋的物品相疊。邊緣幣環有向內的細齒，作保護幣圖之用。

錢幣背面中央上方為「عز نصره」(azza nasrahu)，意為「願真主使其得勝」。下方兩行「ضرب في」(darb fi)、「قسطنطينية」(Kostantiniyya)，意為「鑄造於君士坦丁堡」，下方為鑄主的登基年「١٣٢٧」(1327)，相當於公元1909年。幣文外環繞月桂葉冠，末段樹枝尖端正對處間有一五角星。

穆罕默德五世生於公元1844年，為蘇丹阿卜杜勒-邁吉德一世之子，早年學習阿拉伯語、波斯語及伊斯蘭教法知識。公元1876年其兄阿卜杜勒-哈米德二世即位後他成為皇儲，隨後在宮廷中居於長期受限與被監視的狀態。公元1909年三月三十一日事件爆發後，帝國國民議會於同年罷黜阿卜杜勒-哈米德二世，時年65歲的雷沙德隨即登基為穆罕默德五世，為鄂圖曼帝國第35任蘇丹。在其執政的九年間，鄂圖曼帝國實行君主立憲制，國家實權主要由大維齊爾與聯合進步委員會掌控，期間內閣共經歷十次更迭。他曾於公元1909年至公元1911年6月多次巡行帝國領土。他治下的帝國接連經歷了義土戰爭、巴爾幹戰爭與第一次世界大戰，儘管他不贊同恩維爾帕夏的親德政策，但最終未能阻止帝國加入一戰同盟國陣營。在第一次世界大戰中，由於伊斯坦堡防線的加里波利之戰中勝利，穆罕默德五世得以使用「聖戰者」(El-Ghazi)的稱號。同時在此戰中，日後土耳其共和國的建國者，凱末爾上校，由於陸戰中擊退了登陸者，成為戰爭英雄。公元1918年7月3日，穆罕默德五世於星宮駕崩，由穆罕默德六世即位。