Item number: M510-3

Year: AD 1908

Material: Gilt Bronze

Size: 17 x 14.9 x 2 mm

Provenance: eMedals 2026

This is a Diamond Jubilee Commemorative Cross, instituted in AD 1908.

The obverse features a central medallion bearing a bust in right profile of Franz Joseph I, Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary, dressed in the uniform of an Austro-Hungarian field marshal or senior commander. To the left of the portrait is the abbreviated Latin inscription “FRANC · IOS · I”, standing for “Franciscus Josephus I”, which translates as “Franz Joseph I”. The central medallion is supported by a Cross Pattée, with a laurel wreath set between its four arms. The reverse features the dates “1848 / 1908” at the centre, representing the years of Franz Joseph I’s reign up to that point, namely AD 1848 to AD 1908.

The Diamond Jubilee Commemorative Cross was established on 2 December AD 1908 to mark the sixtieth anniversary of his accession to the throne and to honour public servants who had served under his reign. It was primarily divided into civil, military, and court versions, which differed solely in their ribbons. The ribbon for the civil version was poppy-red; the ribbon for the military version was white with red side stripes; and the ribbon for the court version was red with white borders.

Franz Joseph I was Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary from his accession in AD 1848 until his death in AD 1916. Reigning for sixty-eight years, he was one of the longest-ruling monarchs in European history. His succession occurred amidst a series of major upheavals across Europe, including the revolutions of AD 1848, which swept through numerous countries demanding liberalism and national independence. During his reign, the Austro-Hungarian Empire occupied Bosnia and Herzegovina following the Congress of Berlin in AD 1878 and commenced administration over the region, whilst its former ruler, the Ottoman Empire, retained nominal suzerainty. In AD 1908, the Austro-Hungarian Empire formally annexed Bosnia and Herzegovina, an action that incensed Serbia and Russia, heightened tensions in the Balkans, further isolated the Empire internationally, and cast a pall over the Diamond Jubilee celebrations at the end of that year. In AD 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand, nephew to Franz Joseph I and heir presumptive, was assassinated in Sarajevo, the Bosnian capital—an event known to history as the Sarajevo Assassination. Subsequently, the Austro-Hungarian Empire declared war on Serbia, setting off a sequence of events that ultimately led to the outbreak of the First World War.

物件編號: M510-3

年代: 公元 1908 年

材質: 青銅鍍金

尺寸: 17 x 14.9 x 2 mm

來源: eMedals 2026

這是一枚鑽禧紀念章，於公元1908年設立。

正面中央圓蓋為奧匈帝國皇帝法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世右側半身像，身著奧匈帝國元帥/高級將領軍服。左側環繞著拉丁文簡寫「FRANC · IOS · I」，即「Franciscus Josephus I」，意為「法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世」。圓蓋以鐵十字承托，四臂間有月桂葉冠。

背面中央則為「1848 / 1908」，為法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世當時執政的年代，即公元1848至1908年。

鑽禧紀念章於公元1908年12月2日設立，紀念其即位60周年，並表彰於其治下服務的公職人員。主要分為民事版、軍事版與宮廷版，僅綬帶有所差異。民事版的綬帶為罌粟紅；軍事版的綬帶為白底兩側紅帶；宮廷版的綬帶為紅底鑲白色飾邊。

法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世是奧地利皇帝兼匈牙利國王，自公元1848年登基，統治直至公元1916年去世，統治時間長達68年，是歐洲歷史上在位時間最長的君主之一。繼位之時，正值歐洲發生一連串重大動盪事件，包括公元1848年的一系列革命，這些革命浪潮席捲歐洲多國，要求自由和民族獨立。他在位期間，奧匈帝國於公元1878年柏林會議後佔領了波斯尼亞和黑塞哥維那，並開始對該地區進行統治，原統治者鄂圖曼土耳其帝國成為名義上的宗主國。公元1908年，奧匈帝國正式吞併了波斯尼亞和黑塞哥維那，這一舉動激怒了塞爾維亞和俄羅斯，加劇了巴爾幹半島的緊張局勢，使奧匈帝國的國際形勢進一步孤立，也令年末的鑽禧紀念活動蒙上陰霾。公元1914年，法蘭茲·約瑟夫一世的侄子、皇儲法蘭茲·斐迪南大公在波斯尼亞首府薩拉熱窩被刺殺，史稱「薩拉熱窩事件」。隨後，奧匈帝國向塞爾維亞宣戰，引發了一系列事件，最終導致第一次世界大戰的爆發。